Can We Predict Spontaneous Abortion Cases Using the Systemic Immune Inflammation Index?

Objective: The aim of this study was to find out if the systemic immune-inflammation index is linked to cases of spontaneous abortion.

Methods: The retrospective analysis included 828 pregnant women who had a spontaneous abortion (study) and 825 women who had a viable intrauterine pregnancy (control) up to 20 weeks. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was calculated by dividing neutrophils by lymphocytes. Splitting platelets into lymphocytes calculates the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio. Systemic immune-inflammation index was determined using the neutrophil × platelet/lymphocyte formula. The study and control groups were compared using an independent t-test. The systemic immune-inflammation index, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio values were evaluated for their ability to predict spontaneous abortion using receiver operating characteristic curves.

Results: The systemic immune-inflammation index values, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio demonstrated a significant difference between the groups. In the logistic regression analyses, we found a positive predictive effect of systemic immune-inflammation index in the prediction of spontaneous abortion. For systemic immune-inflammation index at a cut-off level of 435.26, the sensitivity was 71.2% and the specificity was 67.6. The sensitivity and specificity of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio were found to be lower than systemic immune-inflammation index in spontaneous abortion cases.

Conclusion: Systemic immune-inflammation index may be used as a marker of inflammation in spontaneous abortion cases. It appears to be a more specific marker for indicating inflammation than neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio.

Cite this article as: Baki Erin K, Omar Ali A, Erden Ö, Kulaksız D, Erin R. Can we predict spontaneous abortion cases using the systemic immune inflammation index? Arch Basic Clin Res., 2023;5(3):325-329.