Archives of Basic and Clinical Research
Original Article

Retinal Microvascular Changes in Diabetic Patients: OCTA Findings*

1.

Department of Ophthalmology, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan, Turkey

2.

Department of Ophthalmology, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey

3.

Department of Ophthalmology, Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Medicine, Trabzon, Turkey

4.

Department of Ophthalmology, Hitit University Faculty of Medicine, Çorum, Turkey

Arch Basic Clin Res 2021; 3: 94-99
DOI: 10.5152/ABCR.2021.21014
Read: 1068 Downloads: 539 Published: 21 October 2021

Objective: To evaluate the changes in macular and peripapillary capillary vessel density in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) with normal fundus examination and to determine the differences compared to the control group.

Material and Methods: In this prospective study, eyes of 54 healthy patients and eyes of 66 DM patients without diabetic retinopathy (DR) were examined. The foveal avascular zone (FAZ), vascular density (VD) of the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), and deep capillary plexus (DCP) of the macula, and the VD of the radial peripapillary capillary plexus of the optic disc were determined by OCT-A.

Results: Themean glucose andHbA1c values of the patientswere significantly higher in the DM group (P < .05). FAZ values (mm2) were 0.35 ± 0.15 in the DM group and 0.3 ± 0.13 in the control group. The FAZ area was found to be significantly higher in theDM group compared to the control group (P < .05). SCP VD (%) was 34.41 ± 7.56 in the DMgroup; in the control group, it was 42.13 ± 2.96.DCP VD(%)was 37.33 ± 4.39 in theDMgroup; in the control group, it was 42.86 ± 10.31. Superficial and deep retinal VD was significantly lower in the DM group (P < .05). The mean RPKP VD was 50.97 ± 7.27 in the DM group and 54.65 ± 3.34 in the control group, and it was significantly lower in the DM group (P < .05).

Conclusion: In this study, although DR did not develop in DM patients according to fundus examination findings, FAZ values were found to be significantly higher than the control group. The superficial, deep retinal VD values and RPKP VD values were significantly lower in DM patients.


Diyabetik Hastalarda Retinal Mikrovasküler Değişiklikler: OKTA Bulguları

Amaç: Fundus muayenesi normal olan diyabetes mellitus(DM) tanılı hastalarda makular yüzeyel ve derin kapiller (YKP ve DKP) ve peripapiller kapiller damar dansitesi değişikliklerini değerlendirip kontrol grubuna göre farklılıkları tespit etmektir.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Yapılan prospektif çalışmada 54 sağlıklı olgunun 54 gözü, 66 DM hastasının diyabetik retinopati (DR) gelişmemiş 66 gözü incelendi.Tüm hastalarda optik koherens tomografi anjiografi cihazı ile foveal avasküler zon alanı,YKP ve DKP damar dansitesi ölçümleri yapıldı.

Bulgular: Olguların glukoz, HbA1c değer ortalamaları DM grubunda belirgin olarak yüksekti (P < .05). FAZ alanı değerleri (mm2) DM grubunda 0.35 ± 0.15 kontrol grubunda 0.3 ± 0.13 idi. FAZ alanı DM grubunda kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı olarak yüksek bulundu (P < .05). YKP damar dansitesi (%) DM grubunda 34.41 ± 7.56; kontrol grubunda ise 42.13 ± 2.96 idi.DKP damar dansitesi (%) DM grubunda 37.33 ± 4.39; kontrol grubunda ise 42.86 ± 10.31 idi. ve DKP damar dansitesi DM grubunda anlamlı şekilde düşüktü (P < .05). Radiyal peripapiller kapiller (RPKP) damar dansitesi ortalaması DM grubunda 50.97 ± 7.27, kontrol grubunda 54.65 ± 3.34 idi ve DM grubunda anlamlı şekilde düşüktü (P < .05).

Sonuç: Çalışmada DM hastalarında DR gelişmemiş olmasına rağmen FAZ değerleri kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı olarak yüksek bulunmuştur. DM’li olguların yüzeyel, derin retina damar dansite değerleri ile RPKP damar dansitesi değerleri belirgin olarak düşüktür.

Cite this article as: Icel E, Ucak T, Icel A, Yilmaz H. Retinal microvascular changes in diabetic patients: OCTA findings. Arch Basic Clin Res. 2021; 3(3): 94–99.

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